dladdr, dladdr1 - translate address to symbolic information

#define _GNU_SOURCE
#include <dlfcn.h>

int dladdr(void *addr, Dl_info *info);

int dladdr1(void *addr, Dl_info *info, void **extra_info, int flags);

Link with -ldl.

The function dladdr() determines whether the address specified in addr is located in one of the shared objects loaded by the calling application. If it is, then dladdr() returns information about the shared object and symbol that overlaps addr. This information is returned in a Dl_info structure:

typedef struct {
    const char *dli_fname;  /* Pathname of shared object that
                               contains address */
    void       *dli_fbase;  /* Base address at which shared
                               object is loaded */
    const char *dli_sname;  /* Name of symbol whose definition
                               overlaps addr */
    void       *dli_saddr;  /* Exact address of symbol named
                               in dli_sname */
} Dl_info;

If no symbol matching addr could be found, then dli_sname and dli_saddr are set to NULL.

The function dladdr1() is like dladdr(), but returns additional information via the argument extra_info. The information returned depends on the value specified in flags, which can have one of the following values:

RTLD_DL_LINKMAP

Obtain a pointer to the link map for the matched file. The extra_info argument points to a pointer to a link_map structure (i.e., struct link_map **), defined in <link.h> as:

struct link_map {
    ElfW(Addr) l_addr;  /* Difference between the
                           address in the ELF file and
                           the address in memory */
    char      *l_name;  /* Absolute pathname where
                           object was found */
    ElfW(Dyn) *l_ld;    /* Dynamic section of the
                           shared object */
    struct link_map *l_next, *l_prev;
                        /* Chain of loaded objects */

    /* Plus additional fields private to the
       implementation */
};

RTLD_DL_SYMENT

Obtain a pointer to the ELF symbol table entry of the matching symbol. The extra_info argument is a pointer to a symbol pointer: const ElfW(Sym) **. The ElfW() macro definition turns its argument into the name of an ELF data type suitable for the hardware architecture. For example, on a 64-bit platform, ElfW(Sym) yields the data type name Elf64_Sym, which is defined in <elf.h> as:

typedef struct  {
    Elf64_Word    st_name;     /* Symbol name */
    unsigned char st_info;     /* Symbol type and binding */
    unsigned char st_other;    /* Symbol visibility */
    Elf64_Section st_shndx;    /* Section index */
    Elf64_Addr    st_value;    /* Symbol value */
    Elf64_Xword   st_size;     /* Symbol size */
} Elf64_Sym;

The st_name field is an index into the string table.

The st_info field encodes the symbol's type and binding. The type can be extracted using the macro ELF64_ST_TYPE(st_info) (or ELF32_ST_TYPE() on 32-bit platforms), which yields one of the following values:

The symbol binding can be extracted from the st_info field using the macro ELF64_ST_BIND(st_info) (or ELF32_ST_BIND() on 32-bit platforms), which yields one of the following values:

The st_other field contains the symbol's visibility, which can be extracted using the macro ELF64_ST_VISIBILITY(st_info) (or ELF32_ST_VISIBILITY() on 32-bit platforms), which yields one of the following values:

On success, these functions return a nonzero value. If the address specified in addr could be matched to a shared object, but not to a symbol in the shared object, then the info->dli_sname and info->dli_saddr fields are set to NULL.

If the address specified in addr could not be matched to a shared object, then these functions return 0. In this case, an error message is not available via dlerror(3).

dl_iterate_phdr(3), dlinfo(3), dlopen(3), dlsym(3), ld.so(8)