pthread_setname_np, pthread_getname_np - set/get the name of a thread

#define _GNU_SOURCE /* See feature_test_macros(7) */
#include <pthread.h>
int pthread_setname_np(pthread_t thread, const char *name);
int pthread_getname_np(pthread_t thread, char name[.size], size_t size);

By default, all the threads created using pthread_create() inherit the program name. The pthread_setname_np() function can be used to set a unique name for a thread, which can be useful for debugging multithreaded applications. The thread name is a meaningful C language string, whose length is restricted to 16 characters, including the terminating null byte ('\0'). The thread argument specifies the thread whose name is to be changed; name specifies the new name.

The pthread_getname_np() function can be used to retrieve the name of the thread. The thread argument specifies the thread whose name is to be retrieved. The buffer name is used to return the thread name; size specifies the number of bytes available in name. The buffer specified by name should be at least 16 characters in length. The returned thread name in the output buffer will be null terminated.

On success, these functions return 0; on error, they return a nonzero error number.

The program below demonstrates the use of pthread_setname_np() and pthread_getname_np().

The following shell session shows a sample run of the program:

$ ./a.out
Created a thread. Default name is: a.out
The thread name after setting it is THREADFOO.
^Z                           # Suspend the program
[1]+  Stopped           ./a.out
$ ps H -C a.out -o 'pid tid cmd comm'
  PID   TID CMD                         COMMAND
 5990  5990 ./a.out                     a.out
 5990  5991 ./a.out                     THREADFOO
$ cat /proc/5990/task/5990/comm
a.out
$ cat /proc/5990/task/5991/comm
THREADFOO

Program source

#define _GNU_SOURCE
#include <err.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#define NAMELEN 16
static void *
threadfunc(void *parm)
{
    sleep(5);          // allow main program to set the thread name
    return NULL;
}
int
main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    pthread_t thread;
    int rc;
    char thread_name[NAMELEN];
    rc = pthread_create(&thread, NULL, threadfunc, NULL);
    if (rc != 0)
        errc(EXIT_FAILURE, rc, "pthread_create");
    rc = pthread_getname_np(thread, thread_name, NAMELEN);
    if (rc != 0)
        errc(EXIT_FAILURE, rc, "pthread_getname_np");
    printf("Created a thread. Default name is: %s\n", thread_name);
    rc = pthread_setname_np(thread, (argc > 1) ? argv[1] : "THREADFOO");
    if (rc != 0)
        errc(EXIT_FAILURE, rc, "pthread_setname_np");
    sleep(2);
    rc = pthread_getname_np(thread, thread_name, NAMELEN);
    if (rc != 0)
        errc(EXIT_FAILURE, rc, "pthread_getname_np");
    printf("The thread name after setting it is %s.\n", thread_name);
    rc = pthread_join(thread, NULL);
    if (rc != 0)
        errc(EXIT_FAILURE, rc, "pthread_join");
    printf("Done\n");
    exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}

prctl(2), pthread_create(3), pthreads(7)