sync, syncfs - commit filesystem caches to disk
#include <unistd.h>
void sync(void);
int syncfs(int fd);
Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see feature_test_macros(7)):
syncfs() returns 0 on success; on error, it returns -1 and sets errno to indicate the error.
sync() is always successful.
syncfs() can fail for at least the following reasons:
fd is not a valid file descriptor.
An error occurred during synchronization. This error may relate to data written to any file on the filesystem, or on metadata related to the filesystem itself.
Disk space was exhausted while synchronizing.
Data was written to a files on NFS or another filesystem which does not allocate space at the time of a write(2) system call, and some previous write failed due to insufficient storage space.
syncfs() first appeared in Linux 2.6.39; library support was added to glibc in version 2.14.
Since glibc 2.2.2, the Linux prototype for sync() is as listed above, following the various standards. In glibc 2.2.1 and earlier, it was "int sync(void)", and sync() always returned 0.
According to the standard specification (e.g., POSIX.1-2001), sync() schedules the writes, but may return before the actual writing is done. However Linux waits for I/O completions, and thus sync() or syncfs() provide the same guarantees as fsync() called on every file in the system or filesystem respectively.
In mainline kernel versions prior to 5.8, syncfs() will fail only when passed a bad file descriptor (EBADF). Since Linux 5.8, syncfs() will also report an error if one or more inodes failed to be written back since the last syncfs() call.
Before version 1.3.20 Linux did not wait for I/O to complete before returning.
This page is part of release 5.10 of the Linux man-pages project. A description of the project, information about reporting bugs, and the latest version of this page, can be found at https://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/.